The lack of significant differences in pulmonary vascular changes and circulating cytokines in RAGE−/− mice is puzzling and does not parallel our data – stronger expression of RAGE in higher Heath Edwards stages - or the above described data by Meloche et al - 6-fold upregulation of RAGE in PASMCs of patients with PAH [42]. The gene discussed is AGER; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.