TLR4 and infection: This contrasting regulation of JE by TLR3 and TLR4 molecules was more apparent (p = 0.0314 for TLR3 and p = 0.0342 for TLR4), when we evaluated the susceptibility of TLR3−/− and TLR4−/− mice to neuroinflammatory diseases after infection with a higher dose of JEV (2.8×107 pfu) (Figure 1A).