AKT1 and brain ischemia: Previous studies (23,24) found that p-Akt expression in the neurons of rat models following middle cerebral artery occlusion increased in the 1–3 h after ischemia and reperfusion, with the peak occurring at 1 h, indicating that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in the brain ischemia-induced stress response in early ischemia-reperfusion.