CCL5 and infection: Moreover, the expression of the genes involved in innate immune and antiviral responses were highly upregulated after infection with attenuated RABV, especially those related to the alpha/beta interferon (IFN-α/β) signaling pathways, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1α/β, IL-10, CXCL10/IP-10 and CCL5/RANTES [7-9].