PHF1 and Alzheimer disease: Semiquantitative analysis of neuronal immunoreactivity in the hippocampus revealed significant reductions in AT8 (two-tailed t test, **p = 0.028) PHF1 (one-tailed t test, *p = 0.049) and MC1 (one-tailed t test, *p = 0.036) tau markers in CpG ODN-treated 3xTg-AD mice compared with control mice that received vehicle only in the 7–20 month study group (Figure 8E-G).