TNF and isolated hemihyperplasia: In view of both inflammation and oxidative damages being primary risk factors for the vascular endothelium remodeling, the protein and mRNA levels of TNF-α (Figure 3(a)) and VCAM-1 (Figure 3(b)) were examined via immunohistochemical staining and qRT-PCR, which showed that aortic tunica media were significantly increased in wild-type mice after 8 weeks of IH.