CDK5 and nervous system disorder: Because CDK5 inhibition protects against neuronal death and reduces tau hyperphosphorylation (Lopes et al., 2007; Piedrahita et al., 2010) and because the atypical activation of CDK5 is a fundamental component of the progression of the neurofibrillary pathology, CDK5 inhibition has been proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for neurological diseases.