Although CNTF has been shown to have survival promoting abilities for vulnerable motor neurons in ALS mouse models (Pun et al., 2006) and may have a role in compensatory sprouting in motor neuron disease (Simon et al., 2010), due to its lack of positive effect in clinical trials for ALS (adverse effects included an increase in muscle weakness and a higher rate of weight loss in treated individuals; Bongioanni et al., 2004), its suitability as a treatment for ALS definitely requires further assessment. The gene discussed is CNTF; the disease is motor neuron disorder.