However, one has to proceed with caution as β-secretase is required for NRG1-mediated myelination of the peripheral nerve (Hu et al., 2006; Willem et al., 2006) and therefore inhibition may alter the beneficial effects of NRG1 signaling in Schwann cells (see above for details regarding the NRG1 pathway in ALS). The gene discussed is NRG1; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.