VCAM1 and cancer: Blood assay for detecting tumour biomarkers is an important non-invasive method for establishing cancer diagnosis, patient prognosis and treatment outcome.20 One promising candidate for an OC biomarker, as demonstrated by a recent study, is the sialoglycoprotein VCAM-1.17–21 Its soluble form sVCAM-1 has been detected in serum but its origin is not well investigated.