TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Given that TDP-43 pathology has been associated with ER stress [68, 70], and that both c9RAN protein pathology and TDP-43 pathology are present in c9ALS, we compared c9ALS cases to sporadic ALS cases with TDP-43 pathology to exclude the potentially confounding effect of TDP-43 on ER stress.