AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Many important tumor markers have been extensively applied and used in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancers, epithelial ovarian tumor such as carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carcinoma antigen 125 (CA125), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA).