VEGFA and neoplasm: These tumour microenvironments are potential storage depots of cytokines, chemokines and different growth factors such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [47]–[49], many of which have been shown to up-regulate the expression of uPAR [43]–[46], [50], [51].