In this study, we demonstrated that activation of α-7 nAchR using PHA at the acute stage not only reduced CD68+ and M1 cells in the peri-infact region at both the early and late stages of ischemic stroke, but also increased M2 cells at the early stage, resulting in a decrease in the M1/M2 macrophage ratio. The gene discussed is CD68; the disease is ischemic stroke.