In recent years, the oncology community has seen a paradigm shift in the molecular diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer thanks to identification of sensitizing mutations within the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) (erlotinib, gefitinib, and afatinib), and anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK) rearrangements (i.e., EML4-ALK) to ALK inhibitors (crizotinib and ceritinib) (4). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is lung cancer.