SPOPL and glioblastoma: Supporting these two hypotheses we identified functionally associated genes with CAMLS, including: DDX60 and TRIM25; SPOPL and BRMS1L; FGFR2, BRWD2 and CBL; SEMA3E and NRP1. Other functional associations important to changes in RNA transcription included, SLC44A4 transcript isoforms uniquely identified in GBM (and with expression significantly greater than normal tissue).