SREBF1 and Hepatic steatosis: Mechanistically, palmitoleic acid reduces hepatic steatosis by inhibiting the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP1), a transcription factor that is involved in the regulation of many enzymes involved in lipid synthesis, including fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) [13].