KRAS and neoplasm: We hypothesize that due to oncogenic K-Ras activation and increased Glut1 expression, the BASC-like cells are more susceptible to mitogenic and survival signals induced by hyperglicemic milieu. Lung carcinogenesis in diabetic patients represents a two-hit phenomenon, with an oncogene (e.g., K-Ras or others) acting as a tumor initiator and hyperglycemia, at least in part, acting as a tumor promoter.