The expression of HM1.24 mRNA is upregulated on both normal and neoplastic plasma cells, and the expression level is increased in symptomatic MM when compared with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or smoldering MM [27] (http://amazonia.transcriptome.eu/expression.php?geneId=Hs.118110&zone=Hematology-MM). This evidence concerns the gene BST2 and Miyoshi myopathy.