Although it remains unclear if similar mechanisms are at work between AR and BNIP3 in breast cancer, as shown with prostate cancer, this study demonstrates that the AR-positive group has higher expression of BNIP3 in ER-negative breast cancer, suggesting possible causal mitochondrial dysfunction within the AR-positive group in ER-negative breast cancer. The gene discussed is BNIP3; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.