Regarding PIAS3 expression, statistical analysis did not reveal any significant correlations between the RQ values and patients' age (P = 0.48), gender (P = 0.37), and history of smoking (P = 0.58) (ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test, U Mann-Whitney's test followed by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient), as well as tumor staging according to pTNM (P = 0.22) and AJCC classification (P = 0.12) (ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test). The gene discussed is PIAS3; the disease is neoplasm.