NOS2 and Alzheimer disease: Additionally, injection of LPS in rat brains was followed by an increase in the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), suggesting that chronic glial activation can cause oxidative stress in the brain, similarly to that in neurodegenerative processes like AD and Parkinson (Sugaya et al., 1998; Hirsch et al., 2003; de Oliveira et al., 2011).