The SAPADIA cohort team previously reported on the modifying effect of antioxidative GST gene polymorphisms (GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions and the GSTP1 SNP Ile105Val) in the association of HRV with the inflammatory risk factors second-hand smoke and obesity in the general population [47]. The gene discussed is GSTM1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.