TNF, IL-6, and IL-18 levels are increased in the retina and optic nerve head in both glaucomatous patients and animal models of glaucoma [149–151] and recent studies demonstrate that microglial activation is an early event in experimental models of glaucoma, which coincides with the onset of RGC death, potentially contributing to disease onset and/or progression [152–154]. The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is glaucoma.