Maternal nutrient restriction increased the histone acetylation and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) binding levels in the ET-1 gene promoter of pulmonary vein endothelial cells (PVECs) in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) newborn rats, and continued up to 6 weeks after birth. Here, EDN1 is linked to fetal growth restriction.