These data further suggest that the majority of WNV-regulated miRNAs at early times post-infection (8 hrs) are not TLR3-dependent, but may depend on signaling through other PRRs such as RIG-I and MDA5 and/or other sensors like PKR (RIG-I, MDA5 and PKR are fully functional in HEK293 cells) [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR3 and infection.