Hypoxia-regulated genes are mediated by the HIF-1 complex composed of a heterodimeric pair of HIF-1α and -1β (28,29), and HIF-1α is an important transcription factor in prostate carcinogenesis, which suggests that HIF-1α may be a potential prognostic biomarker in the proteomic assessments of prostate cancers (55,56). The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is prostate cancer.