AKT1 and ischemia: Furthermore, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway has been shown to be involved in the cardioprotective effect of ischemia- or pharmacological pre- and postconditioning, including tanshinone preconditioning by inhibiting the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) (4,8,9).