Early involvement of paediatric nephrologists in the management of renal dysfunction, especially when there is renal dysfunction and a GFR of <90 mL/min/1.73 m2, presence of micro-albuminuria (urine albumin/creatinine 30–300 mg/g) and persistent hypertension, is recommended [63, 80]. Here, ALB is linked to Abnormal renal physiology.