Two weeks after the start of ART, concentrations of TNF, IFN-γ, CCL4, and MMP-7 (.01 <P <.05 for all) and CXCL8 and CXCL10 (.001 <P <.01 for both) were elevated in blood samples from the TBM-IRIS group compared with the TBM-non-IRIS group, and TIMP-2 was higher in the TBM-non-IRIS group (P = .046; Supplementary Figure 1 and Supplementary Table 5). Here, IFNG is linked to meningeal tuberculosis.