Compared with controls with no meningitis at presentation, patients with TBM had significantly higher (P < .05) CSF concentrations of 28 of 32 mediators; only CCL2 and IL-17 levels were similar, and IL-18 and C5a had medians equal to 0 in both groups (Supplementary Table 2). The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is infectious meningitis.