We therefore report the outcome of 10 patients with relapsed or refractory FLT3-ITD AML treated with the multikinase (including FLT3) inhibitor sorafenib (400 mg b.i.d.)for 7 days as pre-phase, followed by salvage chemotherapy with FLAG–Amsa (fludarabine 30 mg/m2 days 1–5, cytarabine 2 g/m2 days 1–5, G-CSF 300 μg subcutaneously days 0–6 and amsacrine 100 mg/m2 days 1–3). The gene discussed is FLT3; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.