Recently, a study of 48 small intestine neuroendocrine tumors by parallel exome sequencing indicated that somatic single nucleotide variants affected a preponderance of cancer genes, including FGFR2, MEN1, HOOK3, EZH2, MLF1, CARD11, VHL, NONO and SMAD1[24]. This evidence concerns the gene SMAD1 and neuroendocrine neoplasm.