About 10–12% of the ADNFLE families bear mutations on genes coding for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) subunits (Steinlein et al., 1995; De Fusco et al., 2000; Phillips et al., 2001; Aridon et al., 2006). The gene discussed is CHRNA4; the disease is autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy.