The hypoxic environment plays a critical role in promoting resistance to anticancer drugs, and the expression of HIF-1 may serve as a biomarker for better understanding of chemoresistance in cancer treatment through inducing hypoxia-elicited multiple drug resistance (MDR1) gene and increasing the expression of P-glycoprotein, a transmembrane protein associated with tumor resistance to chemotherapeutics [82]. The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is neoplasm.