The results demonstrate a clear PFS benefit of treating patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC with an EGFR TKI compared with chemotherapy, with median pooled PFS values of 12.4 months (erlotinib), 9.4 months (gefitinib) and 5.6 months (chemotherapy) reported. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.