CTLA4 and systemic lupus erythematosus: Over 100 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in CTLA-4 gene regions, and some of these SNPs were found to be related to immune-mediated diseases including type 1 diabetes mellitus [[45]], multiple sclerosis [[46]], systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [[47]], rheumatoid arthritis [[48],[49]], Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and Graves' disease [[45]].