To assess the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ropivacaine in the “double-hit” mouse model of ALI, we again measured the phosphorylation status and expression levels of Src, ICAM-1 and caveolin-1 via Western blot analysis in lung homogenates of WT mice treated with HTV ventilation +/− LPS and +/− ropivacaine as described above (representative blots shown in Figures 4Ai, 4Bi and 4Ci). This evidence concerns the gene ICAM1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.