Since BAFF levels are elevated in NZM2410 mice [26] and in SLE patients [41], it is possible that BMDCs before they are activated in the periphery by T cells or nucleic acid-containing ICs or other cell types are responsible for regulating B cells via the secretion of BAFF and APRIL survival factors. Here, TNFSF13B is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.