IL17A and age-related macular degeneration: Elevated levels of IL17A are found in AMD patients’ serum and macular tissues and high IL17RC levels are detected in CD14+ monocytes from AMD patients, whereas high levels of IL17 increases IL17RC and vice versa (Figure 1), and high IL17RC levels increase GSK3 activity in cells (Figure 4); therefore, living in the same environment as CD14+ monocytes, Th17 cells in AMD patients are suggested to have higher levels of GSK3 activity, resulting in apoptosis (Jope and Johnson 2004; Watcharasit et al. 2002; Grimes and Jope 2001), and to produce more inactive proteins by GSK3 phosphorylation.