LIF is attractive as a therapeutic agent in cell therapy for PD, being both proneural and reparative (Laterza et al., 2013; Deverman and Patterson, 2012; Ling et al., 1998) as well as anti-inflammatory and tolerogenic through suppressing IL-6-linked TH17-mediated inflammatory immunity (Gao et al., 2009; Cao et al., 2011). Here, LIF is linked to Parkinson disease.