The purposes of the present study were to evaluate serum levels of BAFF, APRIL and TRAIL in healthy volunteers and in AML patients with varying severity of the disease in order to determine whether there was any correlation between BAFF, APRIL and TRAIL at diagnosis and some prognostic biological parameters of AML patients and to explore their clinical significance in predicting the disease activity of AML. This evidence concerns the gene TNFSF13B and acute myeloid leukemia.