Those studies provided evidence for a reduced risk of malaria in general and severe malaria in iron deficient pregnant women and children (Kabyemela et al., 2008; Gwamaka et al., 2012; Jonker et al., 2013) whereas other studies found interesting associations between iron delivery for erythropoiesis, circulating hepcidin levels and the prevalence of malaria in tropical countries (de Mast et al., 2010; Prentice et al., 2012; Atkinson et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene HAMP and malaria.