To explore the mechanism(s) underlying the observed differences in spheroid morphology and tumor cell behavior between the α11-/-/A549 and α11+/+/A549 spheroids, microarray analysis was performed to compare the gene expression profiles of A549 cells in α11-/-/A549 and α11+/+/A549 heterospheroids. Here, IGKV3D-20 is linked to neoplasm.