INS and Hypoglycemia: Although the mechanisms involved herein remain poorly understood, our group has recently demonstrated that insulin-induced hypoglycemia impairs brain mitochondria function and increases oxidative stress (99, 100), leading to a parallel increase in plasma and/or brain cortical aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, and taurine, and a lowering in GABA levels in rats submitted to an acute episode of insulin-induced hypoglycemia (96).