However, chronic hypoperfusion led to increased expression of inflammatory markers such as IL-1β and increased levels of OS markers such as NADPH activity (Rodriguez-Perez et al., 2013), which have been shown to be involved in the progression of dopaminergic cell death in animal models of PD and in PD patients (Wu et al., 2003; Koprich et al., 2008). Here, IL1B is linked to Parkinson disease.