DCTN3 and neoplasm: As with Cal-27 tumor cell lines, each candidate gene caused a significant increase in the proliferation of the candidate gene expressing cell lines compared to the empty vector control cell line (VCP: P = 1.34 × 10−4, DCTN3: P = 1.16 × 10−4, STOML2: P = 2.14 × 10−5; Fig.5).