Similarly, while caspase-1-dependent secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) has potent antifungal properties, symptoms of vaginal candidiasis are largely caused by sustained influx of neutrophils due to IL-1β secretion [46]. This evidence concerns the gene IL18 and vulvovaginal candidiasis.