IZUMO1 and Infertility: According to experimental data, knockout tACE spermatozoa demonstrated no signs of infertility [105], while immunofluorescent staining experiments showed that tACE3 is co-localized with IZUMO1 in the acrosomal cap before acrosome reaction, but once the acrosome reaction is performed, tACE3 disappears and IZUMO1 remains.