Ram and colleagues in 2008 showed in a mouse-model of asthma that mepacrine (as antioxidant) decreased inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness and reduced significantly the amount of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IgE, leakage of inflammatory cells, and the number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (Ram et al., 2008 ▶). This evidence concerns the gene IL13 and airway hyperresponsiveness.