CCL2 and colitis: For example, Serpylli herba extract reduces both trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid- (TNBS-) or DSS-induced colitis by reducing the levels of tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α and IL-6 cytokines and the chemokine MCP-1 [5]. Solanum tuberosum L. cv Jayoung epidermis, a color-fleshed potato, reportedly inhibits the expression of COX-2 and reduces the severity of colitis in DSS-induced mice [6].