These relationships remained unchanged following further adjustment for age, duration of diabetes, smoking status, hypertension, dyslipidemia, current medication use (antihypertensives, statins, insulin and oral antidiabetes drugs), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, eGFR, albuminuria, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and log-transformed triglyceride. Here, INS is linked to metabolic syndrome.